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Aplastic anemia is when your bone marrow becomes damaged, and your body therefore stops producing new blood cells.

It can be sudden or get worse over time. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a rare, life-threatening disease. It causes blood clots , destroys blood cells, and impairs bone marrow function. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is related to aplastic anemia. It often starts as aplastic anemia or arises after treatment for the condition. Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of conditions that cause the blood-making cells in your bone marrow to become abnormal.

These cells die earlier and are more likely to be destroyed by your immune system. Myelodysplastic syndromes are considered a type of cancer. They may turn into acute myeloid leukemia , a type of blood cancer. Hemolytic anemia is when your red blood cells are destroyed faster than your body can make them.

It can be temporary or chronic. Sickle cell disease is an inherited type of anemia. It causes your red blood cells to be deformed — they become sickle-shaped, rigid, and sticky. This causes them to get stuck in small blood vessels, which blocks blood flow throughout your body, depriving tissue of oxygen.

Thalassemia can be mild or severe. It becomes severe if you inherit two copies of the gene that causes it. Malarial anemia is a main symptom of severe malaria. Many factors contribute to its development, including:. Fanconi anemia FA is a genetic condition that impairs bone marrow and causes you to have a lower than normal amount of all types of blood cells.

It often also causes physical abnormalities, such as malformed thumbs or forearms , skeletal abnormalities, a malformed or missing kidney , gastrointestinal abnormalities, infertility, and vision and hearing problems. Fanconi anemia can also cause an increased risk of leukemia, as well as head, neck, skin , reproductive, and gastrointestinal cancers. These are conditions that cause anemia and are inherited, which means they are passed down through one or both parents through your genes.

Severe bleeding can cause sudden, short-term anemia. For example, this might happen after a traumatic injury where you lose a lot of blood. Acquired diseases, including malaria, can cause anemia. Anemia can be temporary or long term and can range from mild to severe. In most cases, anemia has more than one cause. See your doctor if you suspect that you have anemia. It can be a warning sign of serious illness. Treatments for anemia, which depend on the cause, range from taking supplements to having medical procedures.

You might be able to prevent some types of anemia by eating a healthy, varied diet. Anemia signs and symptoms vary depending on the cause and severity of anemia. Depending on the causes of your anemia, you might have no symptoms.

Fatigue has many causes besides anemia, so don't assume that if you're tired you must be anemic. Some people learn that their hemoglobin is low, which indicates anemia, when they donate blood. If you're told that you can't donate because of low hemoglobin, make an appointment with your doctor. Anemia can be due to a condition present at birth congenital or to a condition you develop acquired.

Anemia occurs when your blood doesn't have enough red blood cells. Your body makes three types of blood cells — white blood cells to fight infection, platelets to help your blood clot, and red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body and carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs.

Red blood cells contain hemoglobin — an iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color. Hemoglobin enables red blood cells to carry oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body and to carry carbon dioxide from other parts of the body to your lungs to be exhaled. Most blood cells, including red blood cells, are produced regularly in your bone marrow — a spongy material found within the cavities of many of your large bones.

To produce hemoglobin and red blood cells, your body needs iron, vitamin B, folate and other nutrients from the foods you eat. Iron deficiency anemia. This most common type of anemia is caused by a shortage of iron in your body. The incidences of malnourishment, infections, disease, and frequent pregnancies all play a role in the greater anemia risk for people living in developing nations.

Expanding initiatives that include nutrition and pregnancy support have been proposed to help fight the prevalence of anemia in these countries.

Increasing oxygen that the blood can carry via increasing hemoglobin is the primary goal of anemia treatment. Addressing the underlying cause s of anemia in the individual patient, is the most effective approach. Treatment may include adjusting nutrient quality by increasing the intake of nutrient-rich foods and using vitamin supplements to improve the absorption of iron. Iron supplementation is the most common treatment method for iron-deficiency anemia. Vitamin C, which helps patients absorb iron, may also be used in a treatment protocol.

Folic acid, particularly important for pregnant women, as well as vitamin B12 are also key nutrients that many physicians use as part of their protocol to approach anemia. To guide a successful treatment program, healthcare professionals may require the use a hemoglobin analyzer to determine precise hematological needs.

Anemia, particularly iron-deficiency anemia, remains a major issue worldwide. While more initiatives are put in place to prevent anemia, focusing on better nutrition and iron-fortified foods, an increasing and ageing population as well as an increased in the years lived with disability keeps up the challenge.

Hemoglobin testing can be an efficient, helpful method for these at-risk individuals to determine their current anemic status as well as their treatment needs. Anemia and Hemoglobin testing. Diabetes and HbA1c testing. Peer Group QC.