Homophonic fits which element of music

Here are definitions and examples of the four main types of texture. For specific pieces of music that are good examples of each type of texture, please see below. Monophonic music has only one melodic line, with no harmony or counterpoint. There may be rhythmic accompaniment, but only one line that has specific pitches. Monophonic music can also be called monophony. Examples of Monophony.

Homophonic music can also be called homophony. Describing homophonic music you may hear such terms as chords, accompaniment, harmony or harmonies. Early medieval music to mainly plainsongs chants written in Latin for the church sacred: worship music for the church, always in Latin texture: monophonic motion: conjunct melodies text settings: syllabic and melismatic rhythm: free rhythms based on the syllables of the text scales: modal, based on the pitches D Dorian , E Phrygian , F Lydian , G Mixolydian ranges: narrow, usually less than an octave notation: neumes --groups of notes in symbols, showing the direction of the melodic patterns.

Manuscripts also continue to be hand copied. The violin is developed, but is mostly used outdoors. Instruments are not usually specified for compositions. A whole consort is an ensemble of the same family e. Harpsichords, and especially organs, become more fully developed as solo instruments. The oboe and bassoon replace the shawm and the dulcian as the principal double reeds. A multi- movement composition overture: instrumental movement used at the beginning of an opera or oratorio composers: Monteverdi, Schtz, Corelli, Couperin, Handel, Vivaldi, J.

Bach Classical Era: aesthetic: balance, symmetry and formality, reflecting the rational objectivity of the Enlightenment melody: sometimes tuneful and folk-like; at other times motivically constructed; lyrical themes contrast with dramatic ones phrasing: periodic, in multiples of 4, usually separated by rests; balanced antecedent-consequent phrase relationships tonality: major and minor keys, with major more prevalent texture: homophonic, with occasional counterpoint, especially in developmental sections harmony: triadic with 7th chords used for color and tension; primary chords I?

IV-V-I predominate harmonic rhythm: slow, changing every two to four beats modulations: to closely related keys e. Return to Music History Page. Strings repeat trumpet melody. Flute leads back to A' 3 3 flutes, staccato melody in major, strings accompany. Cadence in major key. Section A repeated B 2 Major key, beginning higher in pitch than A, continuous. Cadence in minor key. Section B repeated. Listening for Form. Basic Terms. Musical Style. Milburn Click here to read about Mr.

High woodwinds, ppp, dance theme; faster tempo, homophonic accompanying chords on beat, major; decorative rushes in violins, long crescendo to ff as dance theme is repeated b. Full orchestra, fff, dance theme 3 a. Strings only, ff, march theme in faster tempo; monophonic, minor b. Dynamics : Volume amplitude —how loud, soft, medium, gradually getting louder or softer crescendo, decrescendo. Tempo : Beats per minute; how fast, medium, or slow a piece of music is played or sung.

Articulation : The manner in which notes are played or words pronounced: e. Regardless of the type of encounter, the basic music elements play a significant role in how children respond to music. One of the most important elements for all humans is the timbre of a sound.

It also alerts us to possible danger. Children are able to discern the timbre of a sound from a very young age, including the vocal timbres of peers, relatives, and teachers, as well as the timbres of different instruments. Studies show that even very young children are quite sophisticated listeners. As early as two years of age, children respond to musical style, tempo, and dynamics, and even show preference for certain musical styles e. As we might expect, children respond to the dynamic levels of loud and soft quite dramatically, changing their movements to match changing volume levels.

The fact that children seem to respond to the expressive elements of music dynamics, tempo, etc. Most people respond to the same attributes of music that children do.

We hear changes in tempo fast or slow , changes in dynamics loud or soft , we physically respond to the rhythm of the bass guitar or drums, and we listen intently to the melody, particularly if there are words. These are among the most ear-catching elements, along with rhythm and melody. This is what we would expect. However, there are other studies whose conclusions are more vague on this subject. Mainly, children are non-discriminating, reacting positively to almost any type of music Kim, , p.

What type of music might children best respond to given their musical perceptions and inclinations? Is there a particular genre of music, or particular song or set of songs? How might you get them to respond actively while engaging a high level of cognitive sophistication? After familiarizing yourself with the basic music vocabulary list above e.

For most children, the basics are easily conveyed through concept dichotomies, such as:. The emotive aspects of music are what most people respond to first. Studies show that teachers who are familiar with music fundamentals, and especially note reading, are more comfortable incorporating music when working with children Kim, Formal note reading is not required in order to understand the basics of music. Younger children can learn musical concepts long before learning written notation.

Applying some of the vocabulary and concepts from above will help you begin to discern some of the inner workings of music. The good news is that any type of music can be used for practice. It sounds simple, but notes or pitches are the building blocks of music. Just being able to read simple notation will help build your confidence. Learning notes on a staff certainly seems dull, but coming up with mnemonics for the notes on the staff can actually be fun.

For example, most people are familiar with:. Rhythm concerns the organization of musical elements into sounds and silences. Rhythm occurs in a melody, in the accompaniment, and uses combinations of short and long durations to create patterns and entire compositions. Rests are as important to the music as are the sounded rhythms because, just like language, rests use silence to help organize the sounds so we can better understand them. Whole note. Whole rest. Dotted half note. Dotted half rest.

Half note. Half rest. Quarter note. Quarter rest. Eighth note. Eighth rest. Sixteenth note. Sixteenth rest. Meter concerns the organization of music into strong and weak beats that are separated by measures. Having children feel the strong beats such as the downbeat , the first beat in a measure, is relatively easy.

In duple meter , each measure contains groupings of two beats or multiples of two. In triple meter , each measure contains three beats or a multiple of three.

Both duple and triple meter are known as simple meters —that means that each beat can be divided into two eighth notes. Learning basic concepts such as dynamics and tempo will better equip you to involve children in more nuanced music making and listening. Fill in the blanks below using the following terms: fortissimo, pianissimo, mezzo-forte, mezzo-piano, crescendo, decrescendo, forte, piano.

Tempo is the speed of the music, or the number of beats per minute. The following are some terms and their beats per minute to help you gauge different tempi. The terms are in Italian, and are listed from slowest to fastest. Exploring tempo in everyday life: The average person walks at a pace between beats per minute.

Playlists can offer different tempi for different types of exercise. Find your tempo! What song fits a slow walking speed, medium, brisk, running? Stores play songs in slower tempi to encourage you to shop. Go to a supermarket or store and notice your walking speed. Is it connected to the beat of the music? Read More How Stores use Music. Scales are sets of musical notes organized by pitch.

In Western culture, we predominantly use the major and minor scales. The major scale comprises seven different pitches that are organized by using a combination of half steps one note on the piano to the very next note and whole steps two half steps together.

One of the common minor pentatonic scales is similar to the minor scale, but also without Fa or Ti.